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    • 专利摘要:
    Composition comprising, by weight, the total being equal to 100%: (A) 65 to 95% of a polyamide mixture comprising: • 10 to 90% by weight of at least one semi-crystalline polyamide whose average number of carbon atoms relative to the nitrogen atom is greater than 9, • 90 to 10% by weight of at least one amorphous polyamide, (B) 5 to 30%, in particular more than 10 to 30% by weight. % of at least one impact modifier or at least one core-shell or a mixture thereof (C) 0-5%, in particular 0.1-5%, d at least one additive chosen from stabilizers, dyes, plasticizers, fibers, fillers, processing aids or a mixture thereof, said amorphous polyamide being in sufficient proportion for the composition is sufficiently ductile at low temperature, and rigid, and in particular has a TDF <0 ° C as determined according to ISO 179 1eA and a flexural modulus greater than 900 MPa as determined according to ISO 178: 2010
    公开号:FR3048973A1
    申请号:FR1652298
    申请日:2016-03-18
    公开日:2017-09-22
    发明作者:Mathieu Sabard；Regis Cipriani；Karine Loyen；Helena Cheminet；Rene-Paul Eustache
    申请人:Arkema France SA；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Polyamide-based rigid and ductile cold compositions for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection
    The present invention relates to rigid and ductile cold compositions based on polyamide for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection having an interesting compromise of rigidity, ductility, fatigue resistance, injectability and thermoforming properties, and their uses.
    The present invention also relates to a process for the preparation of said compositions as well as the objects manufactured with said compositions such as fibers, fabrics, films, sheets, rushes, tubes, injected parts, in particular sports articles, in particular a ski boot or a part thereof. of a ski boot or a rigid shoe with a crampon, such as a soccer, rugby or football shoe, a hockey shoe or a part of a hockey shoe, or a running shoe, a golf ball or a part of a golf ball, or a lacrosse sport lacrosse or a hockey article such as a helmet .... or sports articles for the protection of the head, shoulders, elbows, hands, knees, back or tibia, such as helmet, gloves, epaulets, elbow pads, knee pads or shin guards in any type of sport where participants are subject to high impact, or optical items, especially glasses or a mask, in particular glasses or a mask used in the practice of a sport such as goggles or a ski mask.
    Sporting goods manufacturers face a number of challenges.
    The articles must evolve towards more lightness in order to reduce as much as possible the energy spent during their use.
    They must also allow the athlete to obtain the sensations necessary for the control of the movements and to transmit quickly the muscular impulses.
    The rigidity of a piece is directly related to the elastic modulus of the constituent material of this piece and to the cube of the thickness of the walls.
    A high module material makes it possible to reduce the thickness of the pieces thus to gain a lot on the weight of these while keeping the rigidity necessary for a good elastic return essential for the sportsman.
    In many sports articles, it is also necessary to guarantee good resistance to impact (cold shock on a ski boot for example) and also good resistance to repeated solicitations (folding the sole of a football boot eg epaulettes, elbow pads, knee pads or shin guards).
    Articles, especially ski boots must also have thermoforming properties so as to fit the shoe, especially the tip of the shoe, to the foot.
    In the same way, the combination of rigidity, impact resistance and thermoformability of the compositions of the invention is interesting for optical applications. The composition of the invention offers in particular the possibility of adjusting the shape of the eyeglass frame or a mask to the morphology of the face (ears, nose, ...) after heating to increase safety and comfort when of use.
    Moreover, the articles must be easy to inject and allow to obtain pieces having an irreproachable appearance and colorability in various colors.
    The international application WO 2014/037647 discloses a transparent composition comprising a copolyamide of the following general formula A / XY, the X unit representing an alicyclic diamine unit, said composition being used for the manufacture of a transparent molded article, such as a sole shoe or shoe insole element, in particular a sports shoe.
    The international application WO 09/153534 describes in particular a composition comprising an amorphous polyamide, a semi-crystalline polyamide and an elastomer for the manufacture of various objects such as spectacle frames, lenses or spectacle lenses, electrical equipment, electronic or automotive, surgical equipment, packaging or sporting goods.
    The application US 2011105697 discloses a transparent molding composition comprising an amorphous polyamide, a semi-crystalline polyamide and an elastomer in a proportion of 0 to 10% for the manufacture of transparent articles for the manufacture of sports articles.
    EP 1227131 discloses a transparent composition comprising an amorphous polyamide, a semi-crystalline polyamide and a flexible modifier for ski top decoration.
    However, none of these compositions makes it possible to obtain a compromise between rigidity at room temperature, ductility at low temperature and fatigue resistance. The invention consists in the development of mixtures of amorphous polyamides, semi-crystalline polyamides and impact modifiers having a compromise of rigidity, shock and resistance to alternating flexion and having an optimized fluidity for the injection of sporting goods and thermoforming properties.
    The Applicant has surprisingly discovered that the selection of a particular range of amorphous polyamide, a particular range of semicrystalline polyamide and a particular range of impact modifier allowed the preparation of compositions having a good compromise between the shock level, rigidity, processability for the injection of fine parts and having excellent thermoforming properties, especially for the manufacture of sporting goods.
    The present invention relates to a composition comprising, by weight, the total being equal to 100%: (A) 65 to 95% of a polyamide mixture comprising: • 10 to 90% by weight of at least one semi-crystalline polyamide whose average number of carbon atoms relative to the nitrogen atom is greater than 9, said semi-crystalline polyamide being of formula A / Z in which - A is an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid, a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and an XY unit obtained from the polycondensation of: at least one diamine, said diamine being an aliphatic diamine linear or branched, or a mixture thereof, and - at least one dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being a linear or branched aliphatic diacid, said diamine and said diacid comprising from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, and Z represents another polyamide and ranges from 0 to 20%; 90 to 10% by weight of at least one amorphous polyamide, (B) 5 to 30%, in particular of more than 10 to 30% of at least one impact modifier or at least one core-bark (core -shell) or a mixture thereof (C) 0 to 5%, in particular from 0.1 to 5%, of at least one additive chosen from stabilizers, dyes, plasticizers, fibers, fillers, processing aids or a mixture thereof, said amorphous polyamide being in sufficient proportion so that the composition is sufficiently ductile at low temperature, and rigid, and in particular has a Tdf <0 ° C as determined according to ISO 179 1eA and a flexural modulus greater than 900 MPa as determined according to the ISO 178: 2010 standard, for the manufacture in particular of a sports article or optics.
    The flexural modulus is determined after conditioning for 15 days at 23 ° C. with a relative humidity of 50%.
    Throughout the description, all percentages of (A), (B) and (C) are by weight.
    Throughout the description, the boundaries of the ranges of values presented are included.
    Another advantage of the composition of the invention is that the elastic modulus, determined in DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis) according to the ISO 6721-4: 2008 standard, remains stable between -40 ° C. and + 30 ° C. It is to say that the elastic modulus ratio at 30 ° C / elastic modulus at -40 ° C <1.3. The range -40 ° C. and + 30 ° C. corresponds to the temperature range of the various uses of the composition of the invention.
    An amorphous polyamide, within the meaning of the invention, denotes an amorphous transparent polyamide having only a glass transition temperature (no melting point (Tf)), or a very slightly crystalline polyamide having a glass transition temperature and a point of such that the crystallization enthalpy during the cooling step at a speed of 20K / min in Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) measured according to the ISO 11357-3: 2013 standard is less than 30 J / g, especially less than 20 J / g, preferably less than 15 J / g. The glass transition temperature (Tg) measured by DSC at a heating rate of 20K / min according to the standard ISO 11357-1: 2009 and ISO 11357-2: 2013 for these polyamides is greater than 75 ° C.
    A semicrystalline polyamide, within the meaning of the invention, denotes a polyamide which has a melting temperature (Tf) in DSC according to the standard ISO 11357-3: 2013, and an enthalpy of crystallization during the cooling stage at a speed of 20K / min in DSC measured according to the ISO 11357-3 standard of 2013 greater than 30 J / g, preferably greater than 40 J / g.
    The term "polyamide" used in the present description covers both homopolyamides and copolyamides.
    The term "ductile" refers to the ability of a material to deform plastically without breaking.
    Advantageously, the composition of the invention is a thermoformable composition. With regard to constituent (A):
    Semi-crystalline polyamide:
    The average number of carbon atoms relative to the nitrogen atom is greater than 9.
    Advantageously, it is greater than 10.
    In the case of a PA-X.Y type homopolyamide, the number of carbon atoms per nitrogen atom is the average of the X unit and the Y unit.
    In the case of a copolyamide, the carbon number per nitrogen is calculated according to the same principle. The calculation is carried out using the molar prorata of the different amide units. A: aliphatic repeating pattern
    In a first variant of the invention, the aliphatic repeating unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of an aminocarboxylic acid comprising from 9 to 12 carbon atoms. It may thus be chosen from 9-aminononanoic acid (denoted 9), 10-aminodecanoic acid (denoted 10), 11-aminoundecanoic acid (denoted 11) and 12-aminododecanoic acid (denoted 12), advantageously the aminocarboxylic acid is 11-am inoundecanoic acid.
    In a second variant of the invention, the aliphatic repeating unit A is obtained from the polycondensation of a lactam comprising from 9 to 12 carbon atoms. It can thus be chosen from decanolactam (denoted 10), undecanolactam (denoted 11) and laurolactam or lauryllactam (denoted 12), advantageously the lactam is undecanolactam.
    More preferably, the repeating unit A is obtained from a single aminocarboxylic acid or a single lactam.
    However, it is quite possible to use, to obtain this same unit A, a mixture of two or more aminocarboxylic acids, a mixture of two or more lactams, but also a mixture of one, of two or more aminocarboxylic acids with one, two or more lactams.
    A: X.Y repeating pattern
    The repeat unit X.Y is a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one linear or branched aliphatic diamine or a mixture of two or more of these and at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid.
    The molar proportions of diamine and of dicarboxylic acid are preferably stoichiometric.
    The diamine and the dicarboxylic acid each comprise from 4 to 36 carbon atoms and advantageously from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
    The aliphatic diamine used to obtain this repeating unit X.Y is an aliphatic diamine which has a linear main chain comprising at least 4 carbon atoms.
    This linear main chain may, where appropriate, include one or more methyl and / or ethyl substituents; in this latter configuration, it is called "branched aliphatic diamine". In the case where the main chain has no substituent, the aliphatic diamine is called "linear aliphatic diamine".
    Whether or not it comprises methyl and / or ethyl substituents on the main chain, the aliphatic diamine used for obtaining this repeating unit XY comprises from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, advantageously from 4 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 6 to 18 carbon atoms, advantageously from 6 to 14 carbon atoms.
    When this diamine is a linear aliphatic diamine, it then corresponds to the formula H2N- (CH2) x -NH2 and can be chosen for example from butanediamine, pentanediamine, hexanediamine, heptanediamine, octanediamine, nonane -diamine, decanediamine, undecanediamine, dodecanediamine, tridecanediamine, tetradecanediamine, hexadecanediamine, octadecanedia-mine and octadecenediamine. The linear aliphatic diamines which have just been mentioned can all be bio-resourced within the meaning of the ASTM D6866 standard.
    When this diamine is a branched aliphatic diamine, it may especially be 2-methylpentanediamine, 2-methyl-1,8-octanediamine or trimethylene (2,2,4 or 2,4,4) hexanediamine.
    The dicarboxylic acid may be chosen from linear or branched aliphatic carboxylic diacids.
    When the dicarboxylic acid is aliphatic and linear, it can be chosen from succinic acid (4), pentanedioic acid (5), adipic acid (6), heptanedioic acid (7), acid octanedioic acid (8), azelaic acid (9), sebacic acid (10), undecanedioic acid (11), dodecanedioic acid (12), brassylic acid (13), tetradecanedioic acid ( 14), hexadecanedioic acid (16), octadecanedioic acid (18), octadecenedioic acid (18), eicosanedioic acid (20), docosanedioic acid (22) and fatty acid dimers containing 36 carbons.
    The fatty acid dimers mentioned above are dimerized fatty acids obtained by oligomerization or polymerization of unsaturated monobasic fatty acids with a long hydrocarbon chain (such as linoleic acid and oleic acid), as described in particular in the document EP 0 471 566. By way of example, the XY units are chosen from polydecamethylene dodecanamide (PA-10.12); polydecamethylene sebacanamide (PA-10.10) and polydodecamethylene dodecanamide (PA-12.12), advantageously the X.Y unit represents polydecamethylene sebacanamide (PA-10.10). Z: Another polyamide Z denotes another polyamide and may correspond to an aliphatic repeating unit or an X.Y unit as defined above, provided that it is different from A.
    The proportion of Z present is from 0 to 20% by weight relative to the sum A + Z, in particular from 0.1 to 20%.
    Amorphous polyamide:
    The amorphous polyamide may be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide. The amorphous polyamides are chosen from aliphatic, cycloaliphatic and aromatic polyamides or a mixture thereof.
    In particular, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) comprises at least one unit corresponding to the diamine formula of C.sub.1 -C.sub.18 diamine.
    The Cb diamine diamine repeating unit is a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one linear or branched aliphatic diamine, or at least one cycloaliphatic diamine or at least one aromatic diamine or a mixing two or more of these and at least one aliphatic dicarboxylic acid or at least one cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acid or at least one aromatic dicarboxylic acid.
    The molar proportions of diamine and of dicarboxylic acid are preferably stoichiometric.
    The diamine and the dicarboxylic acid each comprise from 4 to 36 carbon atoms and advantageously from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
    The aliphatic diamine used to obtain this repeating diamino-Cb-diacid repeat unit is as defined above for the diamine X.
    The cycloaliphatic diamine may be chosen for example from bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) -methane, bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) ethane, bis (3,5-dialkyl) -4 aminocyclohexyl) propane, bis (3,5-dialkyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) butane, bis (3-methyl-4-aminocyclohexyl) methane or 3'-dimethyl-4,4'-diamino -dicyclohexyl-methane commonly known as "BMACM" or "MACM" (and noted B below), p-bis (aminocyclohexyl) -methane commonly known as "PACM" (and noted hereinafter P), risopropylidènedi (cyclohexylamine) commonly referred to as "PACP", isophorone diamine (denoted IPD below) and 2,6-bis (amino methyl) norbornane commonly referred to as "BAMN".
    A non-exhaustive list of these cycloaliphatic diamines is given in the publication "Cycloaliphatic Amines" (Encyclopaedia of Chemical Technology, Kirk-Othmer, 4th Edition (1992), pp. 386-405).
    The aromatic diamine may be chosen from 1,3-xylylene diamine and 1,4-xylylenediamine.
    The dicarboxylic acid may be chosen from linear or branched aliphatic carboxylic diacids, cycloaliphatic dicarboxylic acids and aromatic dicarboxylic acids.
    When the dicarboxylic acid is aliphatic and linear, it is as defined above for the diacid Y.
    When the dicarboxylic acid is cycloaliphatic, it may comprise the following carbon skeletons: norbornyl methane, cyclohexane, cyclohexylmethane, dicyclohexylmethane, dicyclohexylpropane, di (methylcyclohexyl) or di (methylcyclohexyl) propane.
    When the dicarboxylic acid is aromatic, it may be chosen from terephthalic acid (denoted T), isophthalic acid (denoted I) and a naphthalenic acid. With respect to (B): With regard to the shock modifier
    The impact modifier is advantageously constituted by a polymer having a flexural modulus of less than 100 MPa measured according to ISO 178 and a Tg of less than 0 ° C. (measured according to standard 11357-2 at the point of inflection of the thermogram. DSC), in particular a polyolefin.
    The impact modifier polyolefin may be functionalized or non-functionalized or be a mixture of at least one functionalized and / or at least one non-functionalized. For simplicity, the polyolefin has been designated by (B) and functionalized polyolefins (B1) and non-functionalized polyolefins (B2) have been described below.
    A non-functionalized polyolefin (B2) is conventionally a homopolymer or copolymer of alpha olefins or diolefins, such as, for example, ethylene, propylene, butene-1, octene-1, butadiene. By way of example, mention may be made of: Homopolymers and copolymers of polyethylene, in particular LDPE, HDPE, linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE), VLDPE (very low density polyethylene, or very low polyethylene) density) and metallocene polyethylene. homopolymers or copolymers of propylene. ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene / propylene / diene (EPDM). - Styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene block copolymers (SEBS), styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene (SEPS). copolymers of ethylene with at least one product chosen from unsaturated carboxylic acid salts or esters, such as alkyl (meth) acrylate (for example methyl acrylate), or vinyl esters of carboxylic acids Saturated such as vinyl acetate (EVA), the proportion of comonomer up to 40% by weight.
    The functionalized polyolefin (B1) may be a polymer of alpha olefins having reactive units (functionalities); such reactive units are acid, anhydride or epoxy functions. By way of example, mention may be made of the preceding polyolefins (B2) grafted or copolymerized with unsaturated epoxides such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate, or with carboxylic acids or the corresponding salts or esters such as (meth) acrylic acid (which may be totally or partially neutralized by metals such as Zn, etc.) or by anhydrides of carboxylic acids such as maleic anhydride. A functionalized polyolefin is for example a PE / EPR mixture, the weight ratio of which can vary widely, for example between 40/60 and 90/10, said mixture being co-grafted with an anhydride, in particular maleic anhydride, according to a grafting rate of, for example, 0.01 to 5% by weight.
    The functionalized polyolefin (B1) may be chosen from the following (co) polymers, grafted with maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate, in which the degree of grafting is, for example, from 0.01 to 5% by weight of: - PE, PP, copolymers of ethylene with propylene, butene, hexene or octene containing, for example, 35 to 80% by weight of ethylene; ethylene / alpha-olefin copolymers such as ethylene / propylene, EPR (abbreviation of ethylene-propylene-rubber) and ethylene / propylene / diene (EPDM). - Styrene / ethylene-butene / styrene block copolymers (SEBS), styrene / butadiene / styrene (SBS), styrene / isoprene / styrene (SIS), styrene / ethylene-propylene / styrene (SEPS). ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymers (EVA), containing up to 40% by weight of vinyl acetate; ethylene and alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers containing up to 40% by weight of alkyl (meth) acrylate; ethylene and vinyl acetate (EVA) and alkyl (meth) acrylate copolymers containing up to 40% by weight of comonomers.
    The functionalized polyolefin (B1) may also be chosen from ethylene / propylene predominantly propylene copolymers grafted with maleic anhydride and then condensed with monoamino polyamide (or a polyamide oligomer) (products described in EP-A-0342066). .
    The functionalized polyolefin (B1) may also be a copolymer or copolymer of at least the following units: (1) ethylene, (2) alkyl (meth) acrylate or saturated carboxylic acid vinyl ester and (3) anhydride such as maleic anhydride or (meth) acrylic acid or epoxy such as glycidyl (meth) acrylate. By way of example of functionalized polyolefins of the latter type, mention may be made of the following copolymers, in which ethylene is preferably at least 60% by weight and in which the monomer ter (the function) represents, for example, from 0.1 to 10% by weight of the copolymer: ethylene / alkyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers; ethylene / vinyl acetate / maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers; ethylene / vinyl acetate or alkyl (meth) acrylate / (meth) acrylic acid or maleic anhydride or glycidyl methacrylate copolymers.
    In the foregoing copolymers, the (meth) acrylic acid may be salified with Zn or Li.
    The term "alkyl (meth) acrylate" in (B1) or (B2) refers to C1-C8 alkyl methacrylates and acrylates, and may be selected from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, and the like. , n-butyl acrylate, iso-butyl acrylate, 2-ethylhexyl acrylate, cyclohexyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate.
    Moreover, the above-mentioned polyolefins (B1) can also be cross-linked anywhere suitable process or agent (diepoxy, diacid, peroxide, etc.); the term "functionalized polyolefin" also includes mixtures of the aforementioned polyolefins with a difunctional reagent such as diacid, dianhydride, diepoxy, etc. capable of reacting with them or mixtures of at least two functionalized polyolefins that can react with one another.
    The copolymers mentioned above, (B1) and (B2), can be copolymerized randomly or sequentially and have a linear or branched structure.
    The molecular weight, the MFI index, the density of these polyolefins can also vary to a large extent, which the skilled person will appreciate. MFI, abbreviation of Melt Flow Index, is the melt flow index. It is measured according to ASTM 1238.
    Advantageously, the non-functionalized polyolefins (B2) are chosen from homopolymers or copolymers of polypropylene and any homopolymer of ethylene or copolymer of ethylene and a comonomer of higher alpha olefinic type such as butene or hexene. octene or 4-methyl-1-pentene. We can cite, for example, PP, high density PE, medium density PE, linear low density PE, low density PE, very low density PE. These polyethylenes are known to those skilled in the art as being produced according to a "radical" process, according to a "Ziegler" type of catalysis or, more recently, according to a "metallocene" catalysis.
    Advantageously, the functionalized polyolefins (B1) are chosen from any polymer comprising alpha olefinic units and units carrying polar reactive functional groups such as the epoxy, carboxylic acid or carboxylic acid anhydride functions. By way of examples of such polymers, mention may be made of ter polymers of ethylene, alkyl acrylate and maleic anhydride or of glycidyl methacrylate, such as the Lotader® of the Applicant or the polyolefins grafted with maleic anhydride such as Orevac® of the Applicant and ter polymers of ethylene, alkyl acrylate and (meth) acrylic acid. Mention may also be made of homopolymers or copolymers of polypropylene grafted with a carboxylic acid anhydride and then condensed with polyamides or monoamino oligomers of polyamide.
    The MFI of the polyamide, the MFI of (B1) and (B2) can be chosen from a wide range; however, it is recommended to facilitate the dispersion of (B) that the MFI of the polyamide is greater than that of (B). With regard to the core-shell
    The core-shell is preferably in the form of spherical polymer particles. These particles are also called core-bark particles or core-shell polymers. The first layer forms the core, the second or all subsequent layers form the respective barks.
    As regards the spherical polymer particle, it has a weight average particle size of between 20 nm and 500 nm. Preferably, the weight average particle size of the polymer is between 20 nm and 400 nm, more preferably between 20 nm and 350 nm and advantageously between 20 nm and 300 nm.
    The polymeric particle has a multilayer structure comprising at least one layer (A) comprising a polymer (A1) having a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C and another layer (B) comprising a polymer (B1) having a transition temperature vitreous higher than 60 ° C.
    Preferably, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature greater than 60 ° C is the outer layer of the polymeric particle multilayer structure.
    The polymeric particle is obtained by a multistage process, such as two or three steps or more.
    Preferably, the polymer (A1) having a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C in the layer (A) is made in the first step of the multi-step process forming the core of the multilayer structure polymer particle. Preferably, the polymer (A1) has a glass transition temperature of less than -5 ° C, more preferably less than -15 ° C, preferably less than -25 ° C.
    Preferably, the polymer (B1) having a glass transition temperature above 60 ° C is manufactured in the last step of the multi-stage process forming the outer layer of the multi-layer polymeric particle.
    One or more additional intermediate layers obtained by one or more intermediate steps may be present.
    The glass transition temperature Tg of the multi-layer polymer can be estimated for example by dynamic methods such as thermomechanical analysis.
    The polymer (A1) and the layer (A) comprise from 0% by weight to less than 50% by weight of monomers containing aromatic groups. The polymer (B1) and the layer (B) comprise from 0% by weight to less than 50% by weight of monomers containing aromatic groups.
    According to one embodiment, the polymer (B1) and the layer (B) do not comprise monomers containing aromatic groups.
    As regards the polymer (A1) having a glass transition temperature of less than 0 ° C., it comprises at least 50% by weight of polymeric units derived from isoprene or butadiene and the layer (A) is the layer more interior of the polymeric particle with multilayer structure. In other words, the layer (A) comprising the polymer (A1) is the core of the polymeric particle. For example, the polymer (A1) of the core may be homopolymers of isoprene or butadiene homopolymers, isoprene-butadiene copolymers, isoprene copolymers with at most 98% by weight of vinyl monomer and butadiene copolymers with at most 98% by weight of a vinyl monomer. The vinyl monomer may be styrene, alkylstyrene, acrylonitrile, alkyl (meth) acrylate or butadiene or isoprene or mixtures thereof, since the polymer (A1) comprises less than 50% by weight monomers containing aromatic groups.
    The polymer (A1) can be crosslinked. Crosslinking monomers useful in the present invention include, but are not limited to, aromatic polyfunctional vinyl compounds such as divinylbenzene and divinyltoluene, polyhydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol dimethacrylate and 1,3-butanediol diacrylate, trimethacrylates, triacrylates, allyl carboxylates such as allyl acrylate and allyl methacrylate, and di- and tri-allylic compounds such as diallyl phthalate, diallyl sebacate and triallyltriazine.
    According to one embodiment, the core is a homopolymer of butadiene.
    In another embodiment, the core is a butadiene-styrene copolymer.
    More preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (A1) comprising at least 50% by weight of polymer units derived from isoprene or butadiene is between -100 ° C. and 10 ° C., even more so. preferred between -80 ° C and 0 ° C and preferably between -70 ° C and -20 ° C.
    As regards the polymer (B1), mention may be made of homopolymers and copolymers comprising monomers containing double bonds and / or vinyl monomers. Preferably, the polymer (B1) is a (meth) acrylic polymer.
    Preferably, the polymer (B1) comprises at least 70% by weight of monomers chosen from C1-C12 alkyl (meth) acrylates. Even more preferably, the polymer (B1) comprises at least 80% by weight of C1-C4 alkyl methacrylate monomers and / or C1-C8 alkyl acrylate monomers.
    In the most preferred manner, the acrylic or methacrylic monomers of the polymer (B1) are chosen from methyl acrylate, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate and ethyl methacrylate. butyl methacrylate and mixtures thereof, since the polymer (B1) has a glass transition temperature of at least 60 ° C.
    The polymer (B1) may comprise functional monomers chosen from glycidyl (meth) acrylate, acrylic or methacrylic acid, amides derived from these acids, such as, for example, dimethylacrylamide, acrylate or methacrylate of methoxyethyl, 2-aminoethyl acrylates or methacrylates and mixtures thereof.
    Advantageously, the polymer (B1) comprises at least 70% by weight of monomeric units derived from methyl methacrylate.
    Preferably, the glass transition temperature Tg of the polymer (B1) is between 60 ° C and 150 ° C. The glass transition temperature of the polymer (B1) is more preferably from 80 ° C to 150 ° C, preferably from 90 ° C to 150 ° C, and more preferably from 100 ° C to 150 ° C.
    Preferably, the polymer (B1) is grafted onto the polymer manufactured in the previous step.
    In some embodiments, the polymer (B1) is crosslinked.
    The core-shell can be obtained by a multistep process comprising at least two steps. Such a method is described for example in US2009 / 0149600 or EP0722961.
    Preferably, the polymer (A1) having a glass transition temperature below 0 ° C made during step (A) is the first step of the multi-step process.
    The weight ratio of the polymer (A1) of the layer in step (A) to the full multilayer polymer is at least 60% by weight, preferably at least 70% by weight, more preferably at least 75% by weight.
    The weight ratio rb of the polymer (B1) of the outer layer in step (B) to the full multilayer polymer is at least 5% by weight, preferably at least 6% by weight. more preferably at least 7% by weight.
    According to the invention, the ratio rb between the outer layer (B) comprising the polymer (B1) and the complete multilayer polymer is at most 30% by weight.
    Preferably, the ratio of the polymer (B1) to the full multilayer polymer is from 5% by weight to 30% by weight. Regarding (C): The additive is selected from stabilizers, dyes, plasticizers, fibers, fillers, processing aids or a mixture thereof, For example, the stabilizer may be a UV stabilizer, an organic stabilizer or, more generally, a combination of organic stabilizers, such as a phenol type antioxidant (for example of the type of Irganox 245 or 1098 or 1010 from the company Ciba-BASF), an antioxidant of the type phosphite (for example Irgafos® 126 from Ciba-BASF) and possibly even other stabilizers such as HALS, which means Hindered Amine Light Stabilizer or hindered amine light stabilizer (for example Tinuvin 770 from the company Ciba-BASF), an anti-UV agent (for example Tinuvin 312 from Ciba), a phosphorus-based stabilizer. It is also possible to use amine antioxidants such as Naugard 445 from Crompton or polyfunctional stabilizers such as Nylostab S-EED from Clariant.
    This stabilizer may also be a mineral stabilizer, such as a copper stabilizer. By way of example of such mineral stabilizers, mention may be made of copper halides and acetates. Incidentally, one may consider other metals such as silver, but these are known to be less effective. These copper-based compounds are typically associated with alkali metal halides, particularly potassium. By way of example, the plasticizers are chosen from benzene sulphonamide derivatives, such as n-butyl benzene sulphonamide (BBSA); ethyl toluene sulfonamide or N-cyclohexyl toluene sulfonamide; hydroxybenzoic acid esters, such as 2-ethylhexyl paraben and decyl-2-hexyl parahydroxybenzoate; esters or ethers of tetrahydrofurfuryl alcohol, such as oligoethyleneoxytetrahydrofurfurylalcohol; and esters of citric acid or hydroxy-malonic acid, such as oligoethyleneoxy malonate.
    It would not be outside the scope of the invention using a mixture of plasticizers. By way of example, the fibers may be chosen from aramid fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, advantageously glass fibers or carbon fibers. By way of example, the fillers may be chosen from silica, graphite, expanded graphite, carbon black, glass beads, kaolin, magnesia, slag, talc, wollastonite, nanofillers ( carbon nanotubes), pigments, metal oxides (titanium oxide), metals, advantageously wollastonite and talc, preferably talc.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, said composition being devoid of PEBA.
    Advantageously, the flexural modulus is greater than 900 MPa as determined according to the ISO 178: 2010 standard.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, said composition being characterized in that said semi-crystalline polyamide is compatible with said amorphous PA. The expression "said semi-crystalline polyamide is compatible with said amorphous PA" means that, said semi-crystalline PA having a Tg1 and said amorphous PA having a Tg2, the mixture of these two PAs will have two Tg, the position of these two Tg will depend on the contents of PA semi-crystalline and PA amorphous.
    Advantageously, the two polyamides must also be miscible with each other.
    In this case, we observe a single Tg whose position is given by the following formula: Tgfinai = (a-i / Tgi + in which ai and O2 represent the mass percentages of each PA.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, said composition being characterized in that (B) is an impact modifier and said composition is substantially devoid of transparency. The expression "substantially devoid of transparency" means that the composition has a transparency such that the transmittance at 560 nm on a 2 mm thick plate is less than 75% determined according to ISO 13468-2: 2006.
    In this embodiment, the use of an impact modifier effectively renders the composition devoid of transparency.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, said composition being characterized in that (B) is a core-shell and said composition is transparent.
    The term "transparent" as used means that the composition has a transparency such that the transmittance at 560 nm on a 2 mm thick plate is greater than 75% determined according to ISO 13468-2: 2006.
    In this embodiment, the fact of using a core-shell makes it possible either to preserve transparency or to make said composition transparent.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, said composition being characterized in that (B) is a mixture of impact modifier and core-shell and said composition is substantially devoid of transparency.
    The weight proportion of impact modifier and core-shell is 0.1 / 99.9 to 99.9 / 0.1.
    Advantageously, the semi-crystalline polyamide in (A) is present in the composition of the invention in a proportion of 40 to 70%, in particular 50 to 65% and the amorphous polyamide is present respectively from 30 to 60%, in particular from 35 to 50%.
    Advantageously, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) comprises at least one unit corresponding to the formula (diamine in Ca). in Cb) where the diamine in Ca is as defined above and Cb is an aliphatic diacid (especially as defined above), the semi-crystalline polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of semi-crystalline polyamides, at least one of the semi-crystalline polyamides, or even each of the semi-crystalline polyamides) being chosen from any one of the polyamides defined above. This amorphous polyamide may be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide.
    For example, the diamine in Ca is chosen from decanediamine (a = 10), dodecanediamine (a = 12), PACM and MACM and / or the diacid Cb is chosen from sebacic acid (b = 10), dodecanedioic acid (b = 12), tetradecanedioic acid (b = 14) and octadecanoic acid (b = 18).
    Preferably, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides), when it is a homopolyamide, is PA MACM. PA PACM.10, PA MACM.12, PA PACM.12, PA MACM.14, PA PACM.14, PA MACM.18, PA PACM.18 and, when it is a copolyamide, is PA 11 / MACM.10, PA 11 / PACM.10, PA 11 / MACM.12, PA 11 / PACM.12, PA 11 / MACM.14, PA 11 / PACM.14, PA 11 / MACM.18, PA 11 / PACM.18, PA 12 / MACM.10, PA 12 / PACM.10, PA 12 / MACM.12, PA 12 / PACM.12, PA 12 / MACM.14, PA 12 / PACM.14, PA 12 / MACM.18, PA 12 / PACM.18, PA 10.10 / MACM.10, PA10.10 / PACM.10, PA 10.10 / MACM .12, PA 10.10 / PACM.12, PA 10.10 / MACM.14, PA 10.10 / PACM.14, PA
    10.10 / MACM.18, PA 10.10 / PACM.18, PA 10.12 / MACM.10, PA
    10.12 / PACM.10, PA 10.12 / MACM.12, PA 10.12 / PACM.12, PA
    10.12 / MACM.14, PA 10.12 / PACM.14, PA 10.12 / MACM.18, PA
    10.12 / PACM.18, PA, 12.10 / MACM.10, PA 12.10 / PACM.10, PA
    12.10 / MACM.12, PA 12.10 / PACM.12, PA 12.10 / MACM.14, PA
    12.10 / PACM.14, PA 12.10 / MACM.18, PA 12.10 / PACM.18, PA
    12.12 / MACM.10, PA 12.12 / PACM.10, PA 12.12 / MACM.12, PA
    12.12 / PACM.12, PA 12.12 / MACM.14, PA 12.12 / PACM.14, PA
    12.12 / MACM.18, PA 12.12 / PACM.18, PA 10.14 / PACM.10, PA
    10.14 / MACM.12, PA 10.14 / PACM.12, PA 10.14 / MACM.14, PA
    10.14 / PACM.14, PA 10.14 / MACM.18, PA 10.14 / PACM.18, PA
    12.14 / MACM.10, PA 12.14 / PACM.10, PA 12.14 / MACM.12, PA
    12.14 / PACM.12, PA 12.14 / MACM.14, PA 12.14 / PACM.14, PA 12.14 / MACM.18, PA 12.14 / 5 PACM.18, PA P ACM. 10 / MBP. 10, the PA P ACM. 12 / MBP. 12, PA PACM.14 / MACM.14, PA 11 / PACM.10 / MACM. 10, the PA 11 / PACM.12 / MACM. 12, PA 11 / PACM.14 / MACM.14, PA 12 / PACM.10 / MACM. 10, the PA 12 / PACM.12 / MACM. 12, or PA 12 / PACM.14 / MACM.14.
    In one embodiment, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) comprises at least one unit corresponding to the formula (diamine in Ca (Diacid in Cb) where the diamine in Ca is cycloaliphatic (especially as defined above) and the diacid in Cb is as defined above, the semi-crystalline polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of semi-crystalline polyamides, at least one of the semi-crystalline polyamides, or even each of the semi-crystalline polyamides) being chosen from any one of the polyamides defined above. For example, the diamine in Ca is PACM or MACM and / or the diacid in Cb is selected from sebacic acid (b = 10), dodecanedioic acid (b = 12), tetradecanedioic acid (b = 14) and octadecanoic acid (b = 18). This amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) can be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide. Preferably, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) is
    Preferably, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides), when it is a homopolyamide is MACM PA. 10, the PA PACM. 10, the MACM PA. 12, the PACM PA. 12, the MACM PA. 14, the PACM PA. 14, the MACM PA. 18, the PA PACM. 18, and when it is a copolyamide, is PA 11 / MACM. 10, PA 11 / PACM.10, PA 11 / MACM. 12, PA 11 / PACM. 12, PA 11 / MACM.14, PA 11 / PACM.14, PA 11 / MACM. 18, PA 11 / PACM. 18, PA 12 / MACM.10, PA 12 / PACM.10, PA 12 / MACM.12, PA 12 / PACM.12, PA 12 / MACM.14, PA 12 / PACM.14, PA 12 / MACM.18, PA 12 / PACM.18, PA 10.10 / MACM.10, PA
    10.10 / PACM.10, PA 10.10 / MACM.12, PA 10.10 / PACM.12, PA
    10.10 / MACM.14, PA 10.10 / PACM.14, PA 10.10 / MACM.18, PA
    10.10 / PACM.18, PA 10.12 / MACM.10, PA 10.12 / 5 PACM. 10, PA 10.12 / MACM.12, PA 10.12 / PACM.12, PA 10.12 / MACM.14, PA
    10.12 / PACM.14, PA 10.12 / MACM.18, PA 10.12 / PACM.18, PA
    12.10 / MACM.10, PA 12.10 / PACM.10, PA 12.10 / MACM.12, PA
    12.10 / PACM.12, PA 12.10 / MACM.14, PA 12.10 / PACM.14, PA
    12.10 / MACM.18, PA 12.10 / PACM.18, PA 10 12.12 / MACM.10, PA 12.12 / PACM.10, PA 12.12 / MACM.12, PA 12.12 / PACM.12, PA
    12.12 / MACM.14, PA 12.12 / PACM.14, PA 12.12 / MACM.18, PA
    12.12 / PACM.18, PA 10.14 / PACM.10, PA 10.14 / MACM.12, PA
    10.14 / PACM.12, PA 10.14 / MACM.14, PA 10.14 / PACM.14, PA
    10.14 / MACM.18, PA 10.14 / PACM.18, PA 12.14 / MACM.10, PA
    12.14 / PACM.10, PA 12.14 / MACM.12, PA 12.14 / PACM.12, PA
    12.14 / MACM.14, PA 12.14 / PACM.14, PA 12.14 / MACM.18, PA
    12.14 / PACM.18, the PACM PA. 10 / MBP. 10, the PA PACM. 12 / MBP. 12, the PACM PA. 14 / MACM.14, the PA 11 / PACM.10 / MACM. 10, the PA
    11 / PACM. 12 / MBP. 12, the PA 11 / PACM.14 / MACM.14, the PA
    12 / PACM.10 / MBP. 10, the PA 12 / PACM.12 / MACM. 12, PA 12 / PACM.14 / MACM.14.
    In one embodiment, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) comprises at least one unit corresponding to the formula (diamine Ca) (diacid Cb) wherein the diamine Ca is cycloaliphatic (especially as defined above) and the diacid Cb is an aromatic diacid (especially as defined above), the semi-crystalline polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of semi-crystalline polyamides, at least one of the semi-crystalline polyamides, or even each of the semi-crystalline polyamides) being chosen from any one of the polyamides defined above. For example, the diamine in Ca is PACM or MACM and / or the diacid in Cb is terephthalic acid or isophthalic acid. This amorphous polyamide may be a homopolyamide or a copolyamide. Preferably, the amorphous polyamide (or when the composition comprises a mixture of amorphous polyamides, at least one of the amorphous polyamides, or even each of the amorphous polyamides) is PA MACM.I, PA PACM.I, PA MACM. .I / MACM.T, PA PACM.I / PACM.T, PA
    12 / MACM.I, PA 12 / PACM.I, PA 12 / MACM.I / MACM.T, PA
    12 / PACM. I / PACM.T, PA 11 / MACM.I, PA 11 / PACM.I, PA 11 / MACM.I / MACM.T, PA 11 / PACM.I / PACM.T, 10.10 / MACM .I, 10.10 / PACM.I, PA 10.10 / MACM.I / MACM.T, 10.10 / PACM.I / PACM.T, 10.12 / MACM.I, 10.12 / PACM.I, PA 10.12. /MACM.I/MACM.T, 10.12 / PA P ACM. I / PACM.T, 12.10 / MACM.I, 12.10 / PA PACM.I, PA
    12.10 / MBP. I / MACM.T, 12.10 / PACM.I / PACM.T, 12.12 / MACM.I, 12.12 / PACM.I, PA 12.12 / MACM.I / MACM.T, 12.12 / PACM.I / PACM.T, 12.14 / MACM.I, 12.14 / PACM.I, PA 12.14 / MACM.I / MACM.T, 12.14 / P ACM. I / PACM.T, 10.14 / MACM.I, 10.14 / PACM.I, PA 10.14 / MACM.I / MACM.T or 10.14 / P ACM. I / PACM.T.
    Advantageously, the semi-crystalline polyamide of the composition defined above is an aliphatic polyamide, in particular chosen from PA11, PA12, PA1010, PA1012, in particular PA11.
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the amorphous polyamide is a polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 in which: B is an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid, a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one aliphatic diamine and at least one aliphatic diacid, - X1 is a cycloaliphatic diamine, and - Y1 is a dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being selected from an aliphatic diacid, a cycloaliphatic diacid and an aromatic diacid, said diamine and said diacid comprising from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 atoms of carbon.
    The various constituents B, X1 and X2 of the polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 above have the same definitions as for pattern A, X and Y, respectively, of the above composition.
    Advantageously, the polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 is as defined above when the latter corresponds to a copolyamide.
    Advantageously, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the amorphous polyamide is chosen from 11 / B10, 12 / B10, 11 / BI / BT, 11 / BI, in particular 11 / B10.
    Advantageously, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the aliphatic polyamide is PA11 and the amorphous polyamide is 11 / B10.
    Advantageously, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the impact modifier is chosen from a polyolefin or a mixture of several polyolefins, in particular the polyolefin or the polyolefin mixture carrying a function chosen from maleic anhydride functions. , carboxylic acid, carboxylic anhydride and epoxide, and is in particular chosen from ethylene / octene copolymers, ethylene / butene copolymers, ethylene / propylene elastomers (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers with elastomeric character (EPDM) and ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymers.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which Z = 0.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, wherein (B) is a shock modifier in a proportion of more than 10 to 20%, in particular 11 to 20%.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which Z = 0 and (B) is a shock modifier in a proportion of more than 10 to 20%, in particular from 11 to 20%. .
    In one embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the amorphous polyamide is a polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 in which: B is an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from polycondensation of at least one amino acid, a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one aliphatic diamine and at least one aliphatic diacid, - Xi is a cycloaliphatic diamine, and - Yi is a dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being selected from an aliphatic diacid, a cycloaliphatic diacid and an aromatic diacid, said diamine and said diacid comprising from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 atoms of carbon, said polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 being as defined above when the latter corresponds to a copolyamide, said semi-crystalline polyamide being an aliphatic polyamide. iphatic, in particular selected from PA11, PA12, PA1010, PA1012, in particular PA11, Z being equal to 0, said constituent (B) of the composition being an impact modifier, especially in a proportion of more than 10% to 20%, in particular from 11 to 20%, and said composition being devoid of transparency.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which Z is equal to 0, said constituent (B) of the composition being an impact modifier, in particular in a proportion of more than 10% to 20%. %, in particular from 11 to 20%, said composition comprising: (A) 75 to 90%, (B) more than 10 to 20%, in particular 11 to 20%, (C) 0.1 to 5%, the sum A + B + C being equal to 100%.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to a composition as defined above, in which the semi-crystalline polyamide and / or the amorphous polyamide is (are) partially or completely bio-resoured (s).
    The term "bioressourced" means within the meaning of ASTM D6852-02 and, more preferably, within the meaning of ASTM D6866.
    ASTM D6852 indicates the share of naturally occurring products in the composition while ASTM D6866 specifies the method and conditions for measuring renewable organic carbon, ie biomass.
    According to another aspect, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the manufacture of articles obtained by extrusion, injection, molding or thermoforming.
    All the technical details detailed above for the composition as such are valid for its use.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the manufacture of articles obtained by injection, in particular of a sports article, in particular a ski boot or a ski boot part or a rigid crampon shoe, such as a soccer, rugby or football shoe, a hockey shoe or a part of a hockey shoe, or a running shoe, a golf ball or a golf ball game, lacrosse sport lacrosse or hockey article such as a helmet. .. or sports equipment for the protection of the head, shoulders, elbows, hands, knees, back or shin, such as helmet, gloves, epaulettes, elbow pads, knee pads or shin guards.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the manufacture of articles obtained by injection such as optical articles, in particular glasses or a mask, especially glasses or a mask used in the practice of a sport such as goggles or a ski mask.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for the manufacture of articles obtained by extrusion such as films.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to the use of a composition as defined above, for thermoforming an article, in particular a portion of a ski or roller shoe or a hockey shoe, in particular skiing, or glasses or a mask, especially glasses or a sports mask, especially goggles or a ski mask.
    According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a method for preparing a composition as defined above, comprising a step of mixing the constituents (A), (B) and (C) in the molten state, in particular in an extruder, at a temperature between 230 and 330 ° C, to obtain after pellets, granules which will subsequently be injected at a temperature between 230 and 330 ° C, on an injection press to obtain the desired articles.
    All the technical details detailed above for the composition as such are valid for the process.
    According to another aspect, the present invention relates to a shaped article, such as fiber, fabric, film, sheet, rod, injected part tube, in particular substantially devoid of transparency, comprising the composition as defined above, which can be produced under in the form of a dry mix or after compounding on an extruder.
    All the technical details detailed above for the composition as such are valid for the article.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to an article as defined above, characterized in that it consists of a sports article, in particular a ski boot or a part of a ski boot or a rigid boot. with a crampon, such as a soccer shoe, rugby shoe or an American football shoe, a hockey shoe or a part of a hockey shoe, or a running shoe, a golf ball or a part of a golf ball, or a butt in the sports lacrosse or a hockey article such as a helmet or sports articles for the protection of the head, shoulders, elbows, hands, knees, back or shin, such as helmet, gloves, epaulets , elbow pads, knee pads or shin guards.
    In an advantageous embodiment, the present invention relates to an article as defined above, characterized in that it consists of an optical article, in particular glasses or a mask, in particular glasses or a mask used. in the practice of a sport such as goggles or a ski mask.
    Description of figures
    Figure 1 shows the ductile-brittle transition (Tdf) of the composition of the invention (invention 1) (notched and conditioned bars).
    X axis: temperature in ° C Y axis: Resilience (Kj / m2)
    Figure 2 shows the ductile-brittle transition (Tdf) of the composition of the invention (invention 2) (notched and conditioned bars).
    X axis: temperature in ° C Y axis: Resilience (Kj / m2)
    Figure 3 shows the ductile-brittle transition (Tdf) of comparative composition 1.
    X axis: temperature in ° C Y axis: Resilience (Kj / m2)
    FIG. 4 shows the thermoforming tests of the composition of the invention (invention 1) and the comparative composition (comparative 1) of example 5.
    Y-axis: Part formed (in%)
    X axis: Temperature
    The curve connecting the temperatures of 110 ° C. to 145 ° C. corresponds to the invention (invention 1).
    The curve connecting the temperatures of 115 ° C. to 135 ° C. corresponds to the comparison (comparative 1).
    Figure 5 shows the formability of the composition of the invention (invention 1). This ability was evaluated by DMA (Dynamical Mechanical Analysis) at 5% deformation.
    Left ordinate axis: Warp (%)
    Y-axis right Temperature (° C)
    X axis: time (minutes)
    Figure 6 shows the formability of the composition of the invention (invention 1). This ability was evaluated by DMA (Dynamical Mechanical Analysis) at 10% deformation.
    Left ordinate axis: Warp (%)
    Y-axis right Temperature (° C)
    X axis: time (minutes)
    Examples:
    Example 1: Mixtures 11 / B10 and PA11
    Composition of the invention (see Table I):
    The proportions are indicated by weight.
    Fusabond® 493 is an elastomeric polyolefin (ethylene-maleene octene) marketed by DuPont. Irgafos® 126 is a phosphite-based antioxidant marketed by Ciba-BASF. Irganox® 245 is a phenol antioxidant marketed by Ciba-BASF.
    Tafmer MH5020 is a functionalized polyolefin marketed by Mitsui Chemicals
    The flexural modulus according to ISO 178: 2010 (after conditioning 15 days at 23 ° C., relative humidity 50%) has been determined and is presented in Table II:
    Example 2: ductile-brittle transition
    The brittle ductile transition was determined according to ISO 179 1eA The Tdf of the composition of the invention (invention 1) is less than -20 ° C (ductile behavior for T> -20 ° C).
    The Tdf of the composition of the invention (invention 2) is between -10 ° C and -20 ° C.
    The Tdf of comparative composition 1 is approximately equal to 15-20 ° C.
    See Figures 1 to 3
    Example 3: Notch sensitivity (3-point flexion with fine notch)
    The sensitivity to the notch was evaluated at -10, -20 and -30 ° C at a speed of 2000 mm / min via a three-point bending test on notched bars (ARKEMA internal method after conditioning 15j at 23 ° C, with a relative humidity of 50%).
    The composition of the invention (invention 1) has a ductile behavior at -30 ° C at a speed of 2000mm / min.
    The composition of the invention (invention 2) has a ductile behavior at -20 ° C at a speed of 2000mm / min.
    The comparative composition (Comparative 1) is brittle at -20 ° C at a speed of 2000mm / min.
    Example 4: Ross Flex with and without V-notch:
    Number of cycles: 250,000 Temperature: -10 ° C Bending frequency: 100 cycles / min Bending angle: 60 °
    Conditioning of test pieces: 7 days at 70 ° C
    Notch: on 1 side only (in V, depth 1mm, notch bottom radius 0.25mm).
    After 250000 notched cycles, the formulation of the invention (invention 1) has cracked areas starting from the notch. Nevertheless the bar is not broken.
    After 250000 non-scored cycles, the formulation of the invention was neither broken nor cracked.
    Example 5 Thermoforming
    The thermoforming tests were carried out with the composition of the invention (invention 1) on extruded plates 2 mm thick with a yoghurt pot type mold. Depth was set to 3 cm. The temperature of the sheet was varied before the forming cycle.
    The results are presented in figure 4.
    The processability window is wider for the composition of the invention. Comparative composition: 8 ° C. Composition of the invention: 15 ° C. The shaping ability of the composition of the invention was also evaluated by DMA (Dynamic Mechanical Analysis).
    Device: DMA Q800-2
    Tool: Tension on bars 2mm wide and 0.5mm thick.
    Test protocol: - Launch of the test at 23 ° C with a slight deformation of 0.1%. - A rapid rise in temperature is achieved. - AT = 90 ° C, a deformation is applied (5 or 10%). - 5 min isotherm (always at a deformation of 5 or 10%). - Cooling from 5 ° C / min to 23 ° C keeping the deformation at 5 or 10%. At 23 ° C., the stress is released. - The residual deformation is measured.
    The higher it remains, the greater the fitness of the material to be shaped.
    The results are shown in Figure 5 and 6.
    权利要求:
    Claims (25)
    [1" id="c-fr-0001]
    1. Composition comprising, by weight, the total being equal to 100%: (A) 65 to 95% of a polyamide mixture comprising: • 10 to 90% by weight of at least one semicrystalline polyamide whose number average of carbon atoms relative to the nitrogen atom is greater than 9, said semi-crystalline polyamide being of formula A / Z in which - A is an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one amino acid, a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and an XY unit obtained from the polycondensation of: at least one diamine, said diamine being a linear or branched aliphatic diamine or a mixture thereof, and - at least one dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being a linear or branched aliphatic diacid, said diamine and said diacid comprising from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, preferably from 6 to 18 carbon atoms. carbon, and - Z represents another polyamid e and ranges from 0 to 20%; 90 to 10% by weight of at least one amorphous polyamide, (B) 5 to 30%, in particular of more than 10 to 30% of at least one shock modifier or at least one core-bark (core -shell) or a mixture thereof (C) 0 to 5%, in particular from 0.1 to 5%, of at least one additive chosen from stabilizers, dyes, plasticizers, fibers, fillers, processing aids or a mixture thereof, said amorphous polyamide being in sufficient proportion so that the composition is sufficiently ductile at low temperature, and rigid, and in particular has a Tdf <0 ° C as determined according to ISO 179 1eA and a flexural modulus greater than 900 MPa as determined according to ISO 178: 2010.
    [2" id="c-fr-0002]
    2. Composition according to claim 1, characterized in that said semi-crystalline PA is compatible with said amorphous PA.
    [3" id="c-fr-0003]
    3. Composition according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that (B) is a shock modifier and said composition is substantially free of transparency.
    [4" id="c-fr-0004]
    4. Composition according to one of claims 1 or 2, characterized in that (B) is a core-shell (core-shell) and said composition is transparent.
    [5" id="c-fr-0005]
    5. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the semi-crystalline polyamide in (A) is present from 40 to 70%, in particular from 50 to 65% and the amorphous polyamide is present respectively from 30 to 60 %, in particular 35 to 50%.
    [6" id="c-fr-0006]
    6. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the semi-crystalline polyamide is a semi-crystalline aliphatic polyamide.
    [7" id="c-fr-0007]
    7. Composition according to claim 6, wherein the aliphatic semicrystalline polyamide is selected from PA11, PA12, PA1010, PA1012, in particular PA11.
    [8" id="c-fr-0008]
    8. Composition according to one of Claims 1 to 7, in which the amorphous polyamide is a polyamide of formula B / X1Y1 in which: B is an aliphatic repeating unit chosen from a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least an amino acid, a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one lactam and a unit obtained from the polycondensation of at least one aliphatic diamine and at least one aliphatic diacid, - X1 is a cycloaliphatic diamine, and Y 1 is a dicarboxylic acid, said diacid being chosen from an aliphatic diacid, a cycloaliphatic diacid and an aromatic diacid, said diamine and said diacid comprising from 4 to 36 carbon atoms, advantageously from 6 to 18 carbon atoms.
    [9" id="c-fr-0009]
    9. The composition of claim 8, wherein the amorphous polyamide is selected from 11 / B10, 12 / B10.11 / BI / BT, 11 / BI, especially 11 / B10.
    [10" id="c-fr-0010]
    10. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the aliphatic semi-crystalline polyamide is PA11 and the amorphous polyamide is 11 / B10.
    [11" id="c-fr-0011]
    11. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 10, wherein the impact modifier is selected from a polyolefin or a mixture of several polyolefins.
    [12" id="c-fr-0012]
    12. Composition according to claim 11, wherein the polyolefin or the polyolefin mixture carries a function chosen from maleic anhydride, carboxylic acid, carboxylic anhydride and epoxide functions, and is in particular chosen from ethylene / octene copolymers, ethylene copolymers. butene, ethylene / propylene elastomers (EPR), ethylene-propylene-diene copolymers with an elastomeric nature (EPDM) and ethylene / (meth) acrylate copolymers.
    [13" id="c-fr-0013]
    13. Composition according to one of claims 1 to 12, wherein Z = 0.
    [14" id="c-fr-0014]
    The composition of claim 13, wherein (B) is a shock modifier in an amount of greater than 10 to 20%, especially 11 to 20%.
    [15" id="c-fr-0015]
    The composition of claim 13 or 14, comprising: (A) 75 to 90%, (B) more than 10 to 20%, especially 11 to 20%, (C) 0.1 to 5%, the sum A + B + C being equal to 100%.
    [16" id="c-fr-0016]
    16. Composition according to claim 15, characterized in that the semi-crystalline polyamide and / or the amorphous polyamide is (are) partially or completely bio-resourced (s).
    [17" id="c-fr-0017]
    17. Use of a composition as defined in one of claims 1 to 16 for the manufacture of articles obtained by extrusion, injection, molding or thermoforming.
    [18" id="c-fr-0018]
    18. Use of a composition according to claim 17, for the manufacture of articles obtained by injection, in particular of a sports article, in particular a ski boot or a portion of a ski boot or a rigid shoe with a crampon, such as a soccer shoe, rugby shoe or football shoe, or a hockey shoe part, or a running shoe, a golf ball or a golf ball part, or a lacrosse sport stock or a hockey article such as a helmet or sports equipment for the protection of the head, shoulders, elbows, hands, knees, back or shin, such as helmet, gloves, epaulets, elbow pads, knee pads or shin pads.
    [19" id="c-fr-0019]
    19. Use of a composition according to claim 17, for the manufacture of articles obtained by injection such as optical articles, in particular glasses or a mask, in particular glasses or a mask used in the practice of a device. such as goggles or ski goggles.
    [20" id="c-fr-0020]
    20. Use of a composition according to claim 17 for the manufacture of articles obtained by extrusion such as films.
    [21" id="c-fr-0021]
    21. Use of a composition as defined in one of claims 1 to 16, for thermoforming an article, in particular a portion of ski boot or roller or hockey shoe, in particular ski boot, or glasses. or a mask, especially glasses or a sports mask, in particular goggles or a ski mask.
    [22" id="c-fr-0022]
    22. Process for the preparation of a composition as defined in one of claims 1 to 16, comprising a step of mixing the constituents (A), (B) and (C) in the molten state, in particular in a extruder, at a temperature between 230 and 330 ° C, to obtain after pellets, granules which will subsequently be injected at a temperature between 230 and 330 ° C, on an injection press to obtain the desired articles.
    [23" id="c-fr-0023]
    23. A shaped article, such as a fiber, a fabric, a film, a sheet, a rush, an injected piece of tube, in particular substantially devoid of transparency, comprising the composition as defined in one of claims 1 to 16, which may be produced in the form of a dry mix or after compounding on an extruder.
    [24" id="c-fr-0024]
    24. Article according to claim 23, characterized in that it consists of a sports article, in particular a ski boot or a portion of a ski boot or a rigid shoe with a crampon, such as a soccer shoe, rugby shoe or a hockey shoe or a portion of a hockey shoe, or a running shoe, a golf ball or a golf ball game, or a lacrosse sport lacrosse or a hockey article such as a helmet or sports equipment for the protection of the head, shoulders, elbows, hands, knees, back or shin, such as helmet, gloves, epaulets, elbow pads, knee pads or shin guards.
    [25" id="c-fr-0025]
    25. Article according to claim 23, characterized in that it consists of an optical article, in particular glasses or a mask, in particular glasses or a mask used in the practice of a sport such as sunglasses. protection or ski mask.
    类似技术:
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    同族专利:
    公开号 | 公开日
    US20190085164A1|2019-03-21|
    JP2019511603A|2019-04-25|
    FR3048973B1|2019-11-15|
    KR20180126476A|2018-11-27|
    CN108779329A|2018-11-09|
    WO2017158301A1|2017-09-21|
    US10844221B2|2020-11-24|
    EP3430084A1|2019-01-23|
    KR102211610B1|2021-02-02|
    CN108779329B|2021-07-13|
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    法律状态:
    2017-02-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 2 |
    2017-09-22| PLSC| Publication of the preliminary search report|Effective date: 20170922 |
    2018-02-23| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 3 |
    2019-02-13| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 4 |
    2020-02-14| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 5 |
    2021-02-10| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 6 |
    2022-02-09| PLFP| Fee payment|Year of fee payment: 7 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    FR1652298|2016-03-18|
    FR1652298A|FR3048973B1|2016-03-18|2016-03-18|RIGID AND COLD-DUCTILE COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYAMIDE FOR THE PREPARATION OF SPORT ARTICLES OBTAINED BY INJECTION|FR1652298A| FR3048973B1|2016-03-18|2016-03-18|RIGID AND COLD-DUCTILE COMPOSITIONS BASED ON POLYAMIDE FOR THE PREPARATION OF SPORT ARTICLES OBTAINED BY INJECTION|
    US16/082,427| US10844221B2|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Polyamide-based compositions that are rigid and ductile at low temperature for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection molding|
    JP2018548694A| JP2019511603A|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Low temperature, rigid and ductile polyamide based compositions for the production of sporting goods obtained by injection molding|
    KR1020187026671A| KR102211610B1|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Soft and rigid polyamide-based compositions at low temperatures for the production of sports articles obtained by injection molding|
    EP17717777.1A| EP3430084A1|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Polyamide-based compositions that are rigid and ductile at low temperature for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection molding|
    PCT/FR2017/050606| WO2017158301A1|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Polyamide-based compositions that are rigid and ductile at low temperature for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection molding|
    CN201780018003.XA| CN108779329B|2016-03-18|2017-03-16|Polyamide-based composition having rigidity and ductility at low temperatures for the preparation of sports articles obtained by injection moulding|
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